Peppy HealthApril 10, 20213 min read

How your testosterone levels change with age

It seems that, unlike a good claret or a fine single malt, male bodies don’t always improve with age – the brain, perhaps, but not the brawn.

QUICK FACTS

Lowering testosterone levels can be related to age and lifestyle factors. These include excess body fat, cardiovascular disease, cancer, drugs and also COVID-19
There’s a close link between obesity - particularly when accumulated around the belly – and low testosterone levels
A key treatment for hypogonadism (low testosterone levels) is testosterone replacement therapy

One key behind your demise is that after the age of around 40 your testosterone levels naturally begin to fall by around one percent a year, says Professor Geoff Hackett professor of Men’s Health and Diabetes at Aston University. Geoff is also a Consultant in Urology and Sexual Medicine at Spire Hospital, Little Aston, Birmingham, UK.

Here’s what you need to know

To put things into context, we’re the lucky ones. Women going through menopause experience a sudden menopausal plunge when they hit menopause, with the tell-tale hot flushes, increased irritability and all the other symptoms we should be grateful we don’t experience. Indeed, around the age of 70, testosterone levels in men plateau within the ‘ low normal range’ in at least 75 percent of men. Having said that, illness and lifestyle (see below) are known to affect your testosterone levels. Many men show signs of low testosterone that can be helped medically.

What else affects testosterone levels?

Age and lifestyle related factors are also known to contribute in lowering testosterone levels. These include:

delayed puberty or problems in childhood, such as non-descended testicles or hernia repair.
excess body fat
Type 2 diabetes
alcohol abuse and liver damage
high blood pressure
heart disease
high cholesterol
HIV and AIDS
long-term use of some medications such as opioid painkillers (for example, Cocodamol)
injury or infection
treatment for cancer such as chemotherapy
hormone-based medical treatments such as those used in prostate cancer
taking anabolic steroids
acute or stress
Covid-19 infection can lead to severe falls in testosterone levels, linking to more severe illness outcomes in men.
intense exercise and over-training.

Slow and steady

It might be great for your waistline, but overdosing on exercise can hammer your hormones. One study is suggesting stressful, endurance training coupled with a lack of sleep and food can be reducing testosterone. Potentially, down to levels normally seen in men who have been castrated (1.7 nmol/l or lower). Not the result you were hoping for.

Rock bottom

Men with genuinely ‘low’ testosterone – defined as total testosterone or TT below 8 nmol/l or free testosterone or FT below 0.18 nmol/l – click here to read more about how testosterone is measured – have a condition called hypogonadism.

There are two types:

Primary hypogonadism – around 10 percent of cases where the problem lies in the pituitary gland in the brain. This is associated with low levels of Luteinizing Hormones (LH) which controls the production of testosterone and oestrogen. Secondary hypogonadism – around 90 percent of cases, where the problem is caused by low testosterone production in the testes, where LH levels may be high or normal.

When bigger definitely isn’t better

There’s a close link between obesity and low testosterone levels – not good for guys who let time take its toll on their previously rippling torsos. As men age, they tend to put on a specific type of ‘white’ fat around their bellies – this produces a hormone called leptin, which converts testosterone to oestrogen, a female hormone. Of course, lifestyle changes around diet and exercise are important, but a key treatment for hypogonadism is testosterone replacement therapy (TRT).

Peppy Health

Unstoppable Women at Work

The Employment Rights Act 2025: 6 actions HR & Benefits leaders must take in 2026

The menopause toolkit for HR

Men’s health at work: the cost of late intervention